GNOME Javascript Introduction

Welcome to GNOME Javascript (GJS)! This first page details key differences from other Javascript frameworks you've used in the past.

Imports and Modules

In GJS every file is treated as a "module" and any variable declared as using 'var' (or global scope) is exported. Each "module" is imported using the 'imports' object using the pattern imports.[fileName] where the file's literal name is fileName.js. If your fileName contains a character that is not a valid Javascript identifier you can access it using the object+key syntax: object['fileName'].

a.js:

var A = class A {};

b.js:

Standard Syntax

const A = imports.a;
let a = new A.A();

Quick Object Syntax

const { A } = imports.a;
let a = new A();

Modules are searched in paths defined in the array imports.searchPath. You can modify the value of imports.searchPath to include the directories where to look for modules.

Import Versioning

In A GTK+ Application

Use pkg.require({})

Elsewhere

Use imports.gi.Versions.Gtk = X;

Logging

console is not defined in GJS, for basic logging use the built-in function log(message)

Extending GObject Classes

GJS supports native ES6 classes but requires a few changes to any class that extends from a GObject class (a subclass of a GTK+ widget or of a GLib class for instance).

Standard ES6 Class

var A = class A extends B {
    constructor(x, y){
        super(x);
        this.y = y;
    }
}

GObject Subclass

var A = GObject.registerClass(
    {
        GTypeName: 'A',
    }, 
    class A extends GObject.Object {
        _init(x, y) {
            super._init(x);
            this.y = y;            
        }
    }
);